Altitude has a significant influence on the growth and distribution of mosquito populations. Mosquitoes are highly sensitive to environmental factors, with temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure being key variables that affect their lifecycle. As altitude increases, temperature generally decreases, and this shift plays a critical role in limiting mosquito activity. Higher elevations tend to have cooler climates, which can slow down the development of mosquito larvae and extend the time required for them to mature into adult mosquitoes. Additionally, cooler temperatures may reduce the overall reproductive rate of mosquitoes, as they rely on warm conditions to thrive. In many mountainous areas, the cooler temperatures at higher altitudes result in fewer mosquito species, as some types are unable to survive or reproduce effectively in these environments.

In contrast, lower altitudes, particularly in tropical or subtropical regions, tend to offer more favorable conditions for mosquitoes. The warmth at sea level promotes faster development of mosquito larvae and more rapid reproduction cycles. However, the increase in mosquito populations at lower altitudes can also lead to a greater risk of diseases, as mosquitoes are known vectors of various pathogens. The presence of standing water, which is more common at lower altitudes due to the availability of water bodies, further supports the thriving of mosquito populations.

Furthermore, the variation in atmospheric pressure with altitude can also impact mosquito flight patterns. Mosquitoes are adapted to specific air pressure levels and changes in altitude can disrupt their ability to fly and navigate. At higher altitudes, lower air pressure can make it more challenging for mosquitoes to locate hosts or disperse effectively. This results in a more limited range for mosquito populations at higher elevations, keeping them concentrated in lower regions. These differences in altitude-related factors contribute to the uneven distribution of mosquito species across various ecosystems, affecting not only their survival rates but also their role in disease transmission.